Get To Know The Performance Of The Solar Cell Panel
Total spending on electricity (wattage) of the solar cell panel is proportional to the voltage/operating voltage multiplied by current operation at this time. Solar cell panel can generate currents of varying voltage. This contrasts with the batteries, which generate current from a relatively constant voltage.
Output characteristics of solar cell panels can be seen from the performance curve, called I-V curve. I-V curse shows the relationship between current and voltage.
The image above shows a typical I-V curve. Voltage (V) is the horizontal axis. The current (I) is the vertical axis. Most I-V curve is given in the standard Test Conditions (STC): 1000 watts per square metre of radiation (also called a Sun/sun peak one peak hour) and 25 degrees Celsius/77 degrees Fahrenheit temperature solar cell panels. As STC information represents the optimal conditions in a laboratory environment.
I-v curve consists of 3 important things:
- Maximum Power Point (Vmp and Imp)
- Open Circuit Voltage (Voc)
- Short Circuit Current (Isc)
Maximum Power Point (Vmp and Imp)
On the I-V curve, the Maximum Power Point Vmp and Imp, is the point of operation, where the maximum expenditure/output generated by the solar cell panel when operational conditions. In other words, Vmp and Imp can be measured at the time of solar cell panels are load at 25 degrees Celsius and radiation 1000 watts per square meter. On the curve above the baseline voltage of 5 volts is Vmp, and Imp is 2,5 ampere. The number of Watts on the maximum limit is determined by multiplying the Vmp and Imp, maximum number of Watts on STC is 43 Watts.
Output voltage decreasing. reduced as The flow and power output of most module solar cell panel voltage/voltage decreases as increases surpass maximum power point.
Open Circuit Voltage (Voc)
Open Circuit Voltage (Voc), is the maximum voltage capacity can be achieved at the time of the absence of current (current). On the I-V curve, the Voc was the 9 volt. Power at the time of the Voc is 1 watt.
Voc solar cell panels can be measured in field in various circumstances. When purchasing module, it is highly recommended for testing the voltage to see if fits the sepisifikasi factory. When testing the voltage with a digital multimeter from positive to negative terminal to terminal. Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) can be measured in the morning and afternoon.
Short Circuit Current (Isc)
Short Circuit Current Isc, is the maximum output current from solar cell panels that can be issued (output) under the condition with no resistance or short circuit. On the I-V curve above shows an estimate of current 2.65 Ampere. Cruising at Isc is 1 watt.
Short circuit current can be measured only at the time of making a direct connection of positive and negative terminals of the module's solar cell panels.
Solar Cell Panel Label Specifications
All values found in the I-V curve is used to create labels that are specific to each module solar cell panels. All ditera models under the standard test conditions. Label Specifications can be found on the back of the module's solar cell panels:
- Electrical rating at 1.000 Watt/m2
- AM 1.5, Temperature Cell 25 degree Celcius
- Max. Power: 43 W
- Voc: 21.4 V
- Vmp: 17.3 V
- Isc: 2.65 A
- Imp: 2.5 A
Factors that Affect Solar Cells Panel
Five main things that affect performance/performance of solar cells panel module:
- material for solar cells panel maker
- The resistance of the load
- The intensity of sunlight
- Temperature/temperature solar cells panel
- Shadow-shading.
The Resistance Of The Load
Battery voltage is the voltage operation of solar cell panels module, when the battery is connected directly with a solar cell panel module. For example, typically 12 Volt battery, voltage/battery voltage usually between 11.5 to 15 Volts. To be able to charge the battery, solar cell panel should operate on a voltage that is higher than the voltage of the battery bank.
Most high machine productivity is the solar cell panel on operating near maximum power point. In the example above, the battery voltage should be close to the voltage Vmp. when the battery voltage decreases below the Vmp, or rise above the Vmp, then her reduced machine productivity.
The intensity of the Light of the Sun
The greater the intensity of sunlight in States that will produce a large current. Like the picture below, the level of sunlight is declining, the shape of the curve I-V shows the same thing, but it moves down to indicate decrease in flow and power. Voltage is not changed by varying the intensity of sunlight.
The temperature of the solar cell panel
As the temperature of the solar cell panel is increased above standard normal temperature 25 degrees Celsius, the efficiency of solar cell modules panel and voltage will decrease machine productivity. The image below illustrates that, as the cell temperature rose, above 25 degrees Celsius (the temperature of the solar cell panel module, not the temperature the air), form I-V curve remains the same, but shifted to the left corresponds to an increase in the temperature of the solar cell panel, producing a voltage and power. In this case, the heat is electrical resistance to the flow of electrons.
To it the airflow around the solar cell panel module is essential to eliminate the heat causes the temperature of the solar cell panel is high.
Shading/Shade/Shadow
Solar cell panel, made up of several Silicon diserikan to produce the desired power. A Silicon producing 0.46 Volt, to form a solar cell panel 12 Volt, 36 Silicon diserikan, the result is 0.46 Volts x 36 = 16.56.
Shading is where one or more cells of silicon solar cell panels covered from the Sun. Shading will be spending power of the mengurangan solar cell panels. Several types of solar cell panels module was deeply affected by shading than the others. The table below shows the effect of very extreme influence of shading on a single cell of single crystalline photovoltaic modules that have no internal bypass diodes. To overcome this solar cell panels installed bypass diode, diode bypass for current flows into one direction, preventing the flow into the shadow of Silicon.
